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N0. 6l l,587. Patented Sept. 27, 1898.

C. E. BRATT.

'STAVE JOINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 1'7, 1897,)

4 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Modal.)

No. 6ll,587. Patented Sept. 27, I898.

C. E. BRATT. STAVE JOINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 17, 1897.) (No Model.)

4 Sheets-Shem 2.

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N0. 6l|,587. Patented Sept. 27, I898.

C. E. BRATT. STAVE JOINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed Feb. 17, 1897.)

(No Model.)

Patented Sept. 27, I898. C. E. BRATT.

STAVE JOINTING MACHINE.

(Application filed. Feb. 17, 1897.)

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

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- WNITED STATES ATENF rrrcn.

CHARLES ELIS BRATT, OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, ASSIGNORTO THE BRATTS STAVEAND OASK SYNDICATE, LIMITED, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

STAVE-J OINTING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 611,587, datedSeptember 27, 1898. Application filed February 17,1897. Serial No.623,871. (No model.) Patented in England November 16, 1896, No. 25,780.

To ctZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES ELIs BRATT, a subject of the King of Swedenand Norway, residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Stave-Jointing Machines, (for which I haveobtained Letters Patent in England, dated November 16, 1896, No.25,7805) and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as Will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters and figures ofreference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention has relation to stave cutting and jointing machines, andmore particularly to mechanism and combinations of mechanisms whereby astave after having its edges smooth-jointed is then provided with atongue along one edge and a groove along the opposite edge, so that whensuch staves are assembled in the manufacture of barrels the stavesthereof will be united by a tongue-andgroove joint, the tongue andjointing appliances being so organized as to confine the tonguing andgrooving to that part .of the stave edges between the stave-crozes.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinalsection taken about on line 0 d of Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a verticaltransverse section taken about on line a b of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is atop plan view of so much of a stave cutting or dressing and j ointingmachine as will be necessary to illustrate the particular features of myinvention. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional View taken abouton line 6 f of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view, drawn toan enlarged scale, of the crank connection between the cutter-spindlesand their guiderolls. Fig. 5 is a top plan view of Fig. 5.. Figs. 6 and7 are plan views of the templets or patterns, and Fig. 8 is a like Viewof a completed stave.

In the above drawings I have shown only the mechanism forsmooth-jointing the opposite edges of the staves and the mechanism fortongue-and-groove jointing such staves; but in practice the machine willbe organized to dress the opposite faces of the staves by the provisionof suitable cutters and feeding appliances-for instance, as shown in myBritish patent No. 25,780 of 1896, hereinbefore referred to, and which Ihave deemed unnecessary to illustrate and describe, as I do not desireto claim such mechanism herein.

The operating mechanisms are mounted on a suitable frame F, of whichTisthe worktable. Above the table T, on cross shafts or spindles f f aremounted pattern or templet wheels f f each of which has in the machineillustrated three similar patterns, those for the wheel f (shown in Fig.6) being indicated by the symbols 9 g g and those for the wheel f (shownin Fig. 7) by the symbols h h 71. respectively. Each of the shafts f? falso carries a disk or wheel lettered t" and t respectively,and saidwheels 'have as many studs or pins as there are patterns on theirrespective pattern-wheels. In the machine illustrated said disks haveeach three studs equidistant from one another and from the axis of thedisk, said studs carrying each a roller. The studs on disks 2" arelettered h 7r; & and those on disk 2' are lettered 10 ,10 and brespectively. In order that the number of patterns on the wheels f f andthe number of studs on disks 2" may be increased or decreased, suitableprovisions are made for this purpose by providing a maximum number ofslot-bearings in wheels f f for the patterns and a maximum number ofholes for the studs or disks 1' and t so that the number of patterns andstuds can be varied within the limits of such maximum number. i

The arrangement of the studs and rollers on the disks t and t"relatively to the patterns on wheels f and f is such that after eachpartial rotation'of the pattern-wheels equivalent to the length of thegroove or tongue to be formed in a stave two of said studs will lie inthe same horizontal plane at the time when one of the patterns is inposition to guide the cutters to tongue and groove another stave. Thepattern-wheels are positioned or set by means of weighted levers Z Zfulcrumed on studs adjustable vertically in slots on m of the framing,said levers having bearing on the" rollers of the aforesaid studs, theweights? Z rob being adjustable along the levers, so that after eachpartial rotation of the disks 1" t the levers will have bearing on twoof the rollers on the studs on said disks, as shown in Fig. 1, forpurposes above set forth; but

should the pattern-wheel not bein exact posi tion for the tonguing andgrooving of a fresh stave the setting-levers of each wheel will move itinto proper position as soon as the tongued-and-grooved stave has movedclear of it.

There are two pairs of substantially I- shaped rod-supports g g and g grespectively pivoted through their short horizontal arms to standards (1g Figs. 1 and 3. The outer end of the longer horizontal arms of saidrod-supports are enlarged and provided with bearings for thecutter-spindles 0 0, and in the said enlarged portion of the upperlonger horizontal arms of the supports are also formed bearings forcrank pins or bolts M, on the crank of which is mounted a roller. Thebearings in the enlarged ends of the pivoted I-supports g g and g g areindicated by the symbols m m and m m respectively, and the rollers onthe crank pins or bolts 91 in said end bearings m m and m" m by thesymbols a n and n M, respectively, Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

The arrangement of the described devices is such that the patterns onthe wheels f f will move between and in contact with two such rollers nn and n 01 above the cutters 0 0 0 0 on the on tter-spindles 0 0 and 0OXX, thereby properly guiding the cutters in accordance with thepatternwheels f f as plainly shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

The object of mounting the rollers n 01 &c., on a crank of a bolt or pinis to admit of their adjustment toward and from the pattern-wheels f fand therethrough the depth of cut of the cutters, the bolts carryingsuitable nuts, as shown in Fig. 2, said devices being also shown inFigs. 5 and 5 The vertical arms of the I-shaped supports g g and g g areconnected in pairs by cross bolt-rods z 2 respectively, the connectionbeing an adjustable one through the medium of nuts and a yielding onethrough the medium of a spring on the bolts interposed between theirheads and the supports g 1 Fig. 3, thus providing a yielding couplingthat admits of the rollers 17, n n 02 following the irregular faces ofthe patterns and at the same time holding such rollers in contact withsaid faces and causing them to move in unison. Below the work-table Tand immediately below each pattern-wheel is a cooperating feed wheel ordisk 1" r respectively, on suitable spindles 2 and 3, Fig. 1, thesefeed-wheels or their shafts being positively driven, while thepattern-wheels f f*, fast 011 their shafts, are revolved by therectilinear motion of the stave moving between them and their respectivefeed-wheels and therethrough the check- Wheels 2" 4?, which are alsofast on the pattern-wheel spindles or shafts.

The feed-wheel spindles 2 and 3 have their bearings in the forked end ofthe short arm of levers 8 8 whose longer arms carrya weight 5 5respectively. These levers s s are loosely mounted on spindles s ssecured in brackets from the main frame F. The spindles on which thefeed-wheels r and r are mounted also carry a pinion 10 w, respectively,the one, 10 in gear with a pinion W on a cross-shaft 1, that alsocarries a sprocket-wheel p geared by a chain to a like wheel w on thespindle 8X of lever 8 which spindle carries a second sprocketwheel (notshown) geared by a chain to a prime mover, in practice to asprocket-wheel on the main driving-shaft that drives the primaryfeed-rolls for feeding the staves to the cutters that dress the oppositefaces of such staves-as shown, for instance, in my aforementionedBritish patent. The fulcrumspindle 3 for the lever s also carries apinion Q in gear with the one, 10, on the spindle for the feed-wheel r.

As shown in Fig. 4-, the forked levers s s are adjustable along theirfulcrum-spindles 8 8X by means of collars 4 and set-screws with a viewto properly adjust them and the feed-Wheels 1- 1" relatively to thepatternwheels f f. Inasmuch as the aforesaid levers are Weighted ayielding bearing is provided for the staves being fed between the feedand pattern wheels, so that staves of different thickness can besmoothed and tongue-and-groove jointed.

It being understood that the cutters 0 and 0 are shaping-cuttersthat isto say, they give to the roughly-shaped stave approximately its propershapeand that the cutters 0 o are the tonguing-and-grooving andfinal-shaping cuttersthat is to say, the cutters that form a tongue talong one edge of the approximately-shaped stave and a groove g in theopposite edge of said stave, Fig. 8 the operation of the machine may bebriefly described as follows: In practice I use or may use suitablefeeding devices whereby the staves are fed in a string or end to endfirst to the shaping-cutters o 0 and then to the tonguing-and-groovin gcutters 0 0 the staves mutually propelling one another. Staves of alength not exceeding the periphery of the pattern-wheels can be dressed,shaped, and tongued-and-grooved, or staves of a length equal to afraction of the peripheries of such wheels can be made, and in thedrawings I have, as already stated, shown the patternwheels as providedwith three sets of identical patterns, so that at each revolution of awheel'zthree staves of a length approximately equal to one-third of thecircle described by the pattern-seat in the pattern-wheels are dressedand partly shaped and then tonguedand-grooved and finished as to shape.As soon as the work of a set of cutters upon a stave is completed thelever Z or Z rests upon two of the rollers on its check-wheel t" or 7?,thereby preventing the pattern-wheel being revolved farther thanrequired by its momentum, and should such wheel when the stave clears orhas cleared it not be in proper position, at which time itscheck-lever'will rest upon one of the rollers on its check-wheel only,the weight on said lever will turn the checkwheel and therethrough itspattern-wheel to bring two of said rollers into horizontal plane, whenthe next stave can be passed under such pattern-wheel between thecutters and be operated upon by the latter. The tonguing-andgroovingcutters o are so guided by the patterns on the pattern-wheel f and saidpatterns are of such a length relatively to the length of the stave asto form a tongue i on one edge and a groove g on the opposite edge,(which do not extend beyond the point at which the stave is crozed forthe heads,

but stop short just within the crozing-lines,

as shown in Fig. 8,) while the depth of the groove and the height of thetongue are the same throughout their length. This construction of stavedistinguishes it from staves as heretofore made, although the generalform of the improved stave is the same as that of the staves heretoforeused, while the tongue-andgroove joint between the staves has obviousadvantages.

The machine as described has also the advantage over those hitherto usedthat a stave of considerable length or a number of short staves can beshaped and tongued andgrooved at every revolution of the patternwheels,which is not possible in stave-making machines as heretoforeconstructed, so

pose set forth.

far as I am aware, while if it were attempted to shape two or morestaves at each revolution of the patternwheel the latter could not beproperly positioned before the succeeding stave again caused it torotate, which would result in a stave narrower at its longitudinalcenter and wider at its ends.

Inasmuch as both the pattern and their check-wheels are detachablymounted 011 their common shaft or spindle and inasmuch as the bearingsof the latter can readily be made adjustable on the frame-standards f",Fig. 2, by means of bolts and nuts b larger or smaller pattern and checkwheels can be interchangeably used.

Of course the machine constructed as shown and described can be used forplaning boards and striking or cutting moldings, in which case thepattern and feed wheels can be removed and the cutter-supports heldagainst swinging motion by securing them in any suitable manner to themachine-frame.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new therein, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a machine such as described, the combination with a pair ofcutters and a revoluble pattern-wheel adapted toreceive and sup port aplurality of patterns; of setting appliances adapted to set thepattern-wheel at each partial revolution equal to or about equal to thelength of a pattern, for the pur- 2. In a machine such as described, thecombinationwith two revoluble pattern-wheels, of a swinging cutter-shafton each side of said wheels, a bearing for each of said shafts, aspindle to which the cutter-shaft bearings on one side of thepattern-wheels are pivoted and a second spindle to which the cuttershaftbearings on the opposite side of said wheels are pivoted, for thepurpose set forth.

3. In a machine such as described, the combination with two revolublepattern-wheels,

of a swinging cutter-shaft on-each side of of patterns on the wheel; ofa setting-lever in the path of said pins, the latter so disposed on thepattern-wheel as to set the same Whenever said wheel has revolved adistance equal or substantially equal to the length of a pat tern, forthe purpose set forth. w

5. In a machine such as described, the combination with a revolublepattern wheel adapted to receive and support a plurality of patterns andprovided with laterally-projecting pins equal in number to the number ofpatterns carried by thewheel; of a onearmed weighted lever in the pathof said pins the latter so disposed on the pattern-wheel as to set thesame when said lever bears on two of the pins, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

6. The combination with the cutter-shafts 0 0 the vibratorybearing-standards g g for said shafts, the cuttershafts o 0 and theirI-shaped vibratory bearing-standards of the fixed standards q to whichthe bearing-standards g g and the like standards g g are respectivelypivoted, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination with the cutter-shafts o 0 the vibratorybearing-standards g g proximate to the cutter on the shaft, and a rollerloosely mounted on the crank of said pin; of a revoluble pattern-Wheelthe pattern whereof moves in contact with said roller, for the purposeset forth.

9. The combination with a revoluble pattern-whee], and a feed-wheelcooperating therewith to feed a stave between them; of a weighted leveron one end of which said feedwheel is mounted, and a suitable drivingmechanism for said wheel.

10. The combination With a revoluble pattern-Wheel and a feed-Wheelcooperating therewith to feed a stave between them; of a weighted leveron one end of which said feed-wheel is mounted, said lever adjustablelengthwise of its fulcrum-spindle, and a suit- 15 able driving mechanismfor said wheel.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES ELIS BRATT. Witnesses:

. CARL P. GEREN,

M. GENBERG.

